MIGRATSIYANING TUG'ILISH, NIKOH VA AJRALISH KO'RSATKICHLARIGA TA'SIRI: DEMOGRAFIK JARAYON TAHLILI
Kalit so‘zlar:
migratsiya, tug'ish, nikoh, ajralish, demografik jarayonlar, pul o'tkazmalari, transmilliy oila, O'zbekiston, oila barqarorligi.Abstrak
Ushbu maqolada migratsiya iqtisodiy, oilaviy, gender va institutsional mexanizmlarning o'zaro ta'siri orqali tug'ilish, nikoh va ajralish ko'rsatkichlariga qanday ta'sir qilishi o'rganiladi. Migratsiya nafaqat chegaralar yoki mintaqalar bo'ylab harakatlanish sifatida, balki uy xo'jaliklari vaqt byudjetini, turmush o'rtog'ining birgalikda yashashini, reproduktiv rejalashtirishni, nikoh vaqtini, parvarish tartibini va oila barqarorligining ijtimoiy ma'nosini o'zgartiradigan demografik omil sifatida qaraladi. Maqolada jismoniy ajralishning bevosita ta'sirini pul o'tkazmalari, urbanizatsiya, mehnat bozoriga intilish va gender rollarining o'zgarishi orqali amalga oshiriladigan bilvosita ta'sirlardan ajratish uchun xalqaro manbalar, O'zbekistonning rasmiy demografik statistikasi va sotsiologik talqindan foydalaniladi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko'rsatadiki, migratsiya daromadlarni oshirish, uy-joy va ta'limni moliyalashtirish va qisqa muddatli qashshoqlikni kamaytirish orqali oila farovonligini qo'llab-quvvatlashi mumkin; ammo, uzoq muddatli ajralish tug'ilishni kechiktirishi, nikohni kechiktirishi, kundalik oilaviy muloqotni susaytirishi va oilaviy munosabatlari masofaviy ishonchga bog'liq bo'lgan juftliklarning zaifligini oshirishi mumkin. Maqolada migratsiyaga sezgir oilaviy siyosat qonuniy mehnat migratsiyasi kanallarini, migrant oilalar uchun maslahat berishni, raqamli aloqani qo'llab-quvvatlashni, mahalliy bolalarni parvarish qilish xizmatlarini va yuqori xavf guruhlarining demografik monitoringini birlashtirishi kerakligi ta'kidlangan.
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