DMITRY SHOSTAKOVICH'S SERIES OF "24 PRELUDES AND FUGAS"

Abstract

This article examines the life, work, works and political era of the greatest Soviet composer of the 20th century, Dmitry Shostakovich. The article analyzes how the composer's musical heritage - 15 symphonies, chamber music, operas and film music - expresses the human spirit, political pressure and social realities. Shostakovich's work reflects his inner struggle and his status as a courageous person who tried to express his opinion through art. The article examines the composer's historical and biographical path, creative formation, life under political pressure during the Soviet era, the relationship between his personality and work. In particular, the political and philosophical content of the 5th, 7th and 10th symphonies, the clash of the opera "Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk" with the caesura, and the inner experiences in the string quartets are revealed through musical analysis. The "double layer" of his work - official symbols and hidden discontent, ironic-parodic styles, critical views expressed through musical codes - are explained. The article also separately analyzes Shostakovich's conflicting relationship with Soviet ideology, the contradictions between official criticism and recognition, the expression of social spirit and human tragedies in music. It reveals how the composer's personal life and the events of the historical period are combined with his work.