THE IMPORTANCE OF ANTIOXIDANTS IN PLANT LIFE

Abstract

Antioxidants are important biological substances that neutralize the harmful effects of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in plant cells. They play an important role in maintaining normal physiological processes in plants and increasing their tolerance to stress conditions (e.g., drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, and biotic stress). This article analyzes the functions of the main components of the antioxidant system in plants - enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase) and non-enzymatic (ascorbic acid, glutathione, tocopherol) antioxidants and the protective mechanisms involved in them. It also highlights the physiological role of antioxidants in the processes of growth, development, and root formation, and their importance in the formation of adaptive strategies against stress. The article is based on the results of modern research on antioxidants and shows their potential for increasing the yield of agricultural crops.