BIOREMEDIATION - THE ROLE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE CLEANING OF CONTAMINATED WATER AND SOIL

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the essence of the bioremediation process, its role in the restoration of ecological systems, and the potential for the use of biotechnology in the remediation of contaminated water and soil. The study focuses on microorganisms, plants, and biological mechanisms that break down harmful substances such as heavy metals, petroleum products, and pesticides through their enzymatic activity. The article provides examples from foreign and domestic practice, demonstrates the effectiveness of biotechnological approaches and the prospects for their introduction in Uzbekistan. It also covers the scientific foundations of purification technologies using modern bioreactor systems and genetically engineered bacteria.