GENOME DIVERSITY AND THEIR STRUCTURE
Keywords:
genome, DNA, gene, chromosome, chromatin, intron, exon, mutation, genomics, evolutionAbstract
This article analyzes the diversity of genomes and their structural organization based on the achievements of modern molecular biology. The study scientifically highlights the differences in size, shape, and gene composition of the genomes of various organisms - prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and viruses. It also consistently describes the main structural levels of the genome, namely the double-helical structure of DNA, the exon-intron organization of genes, and the complexity at the chromatin and chromosome levels. The article pays special attention to the relationship between coding and non-coding DNA segments and their functional significance.
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