BIOECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE DISTRIBUTED VIOLA L. GENUS SPECIES

Abstract

The Violaceae Batsch. family (Violet family) is one of the most cosmopolitan families, widespread mainly in tropical and temperate regions. The species belonging to this family are found in the form of phanerophytes, hemicryptophytes and cryptophytes according to the Raunker classification. One of the most widespread and highly diverse families in terms of area is the Viola L. family (Violet family), which is valued as an ornamental and medicinal plant. The importance of the Violaceae Batsch. family has been widely studied in medicine due to the content of flavonoids and alkaloids, and some species are involved in landscape design and environmental protection. This article discusses the morphological features, systematics, distribution and ecology of the family based on scientific literature. 1152 species of the Violaceae Batsch. family [12] belonging to 27 genera are naturally distributed on Earth. Viola L. is a genus of 725 species found naturally worldwide [12], 32 species in Central Asia [1], 17 species in Uzbekistan [2], 4 species in Surkhandarya, and 3 species in the Surkhandarya State Reserve [6].