CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE GARLIC PLANT AND FRUIT AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY

Abstract

The caper plant (Capparis spinosa L.), belonging to the Capparaceae family, is widely used as a medicinal and food product. This article examines the chemical composition of caper buds and fruits, including proteins, fats, carbohydrates, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and vitamins. The fruits contain 18% protein, 36% fat, 32.9% carbohydrates, as well as ascorbic acid (150 mg) and other biologically active compounds. Caper buds and fruits are utilized in the pharmaceutical industry due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other therapeutic properties. The article highlights the traditional use of capers in folk medicine and their significance in modern pharmaceutics. Additionally, the economic importance and export potential of this plant, widely distributed in the natural conditions of Uzbekistan, are discussed