EKOLOJIK SOVUNI ISHLAB CHIQARISHDA İŞQORIY ISHLAB CHIQARISHNI KASHAYTIRISHGA TEXNOLOGIK YONDORLASH.
Keywords:
household soap, alkali reduction, eco-friendly production, saponification, biodegradability, GOST standardsAbstract
This article examines the technological approaches for reducing alkali consumption in the production of household soap with a focus on sustainability and environmental safety. Laboratory-scale experiments and economic analyses were conducted to evaluate the effects of alkali reduction on product quality, environmental impact, and production cost. Results confirmed that reducing alkali usage by 15–25%, especially with the use of catalysts, maintains acceptable product standards while improving biodegradability and lowering chemical residue in wastewater. This provides a foundation for developing eco-friendly and cost-effective soap manufacturing processes.
References
ISO 4316: Determination of pH in aqueous extracts.
GOST 28546-2002: Soaps. General Specifications.
OECD 301B: Ready Biodegradability.
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GOST 30266-95: Household and Toilet Soaps. Test Methods.
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FAO/WHO (2019). 'Guidelines on Hygiene and Safety in Soap Production'.
Zakirov, M., & Iskandarov, D. (2020). 'Optimization of the Saponification Process in Traditional Soap Making', Chemistry and Technology, 43(2), 81–89.
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