PLANT GENETIC ENGINEERING
Keywords:
Plant genetic engineering, transgenic plants, DNA, gene transformation, gene cloning, gene expression, breeding, biotechnology, yield, disease resistance, stress tolerance, agriculture, recipient plant, vectors, and environmental safety.Abstract
Plant genetic engineering is a method of artificially modifying the genes of plants. This method is used to add beneficial traits to plants, such as disease resistance, increased yield, or stress tolerance. Compared to traditional breeding, genetic engineering provides faster and more accurate results. The process is carried out in several stages: selecting the desired gene, introducing it into the plant genome, creating and testing a new plant variety. This technology helps to increase agricultural productivity, ensure food security, and save natural resources. At the same time, genetic engineering must take into account environmental safety and the continuity of transformants from generation to generation.
References
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“Plant Genetic Engineering” – Don Grierson tahrirchiligida nashr etilgan. Kitobda o‘simlik gen muhandisligining fundamental tamoyillari, gen uzatish usullari va transgen o‘simliklar yaratishga oid ilmiy asoslar batafsil tushuntirilgan.
“Genetic Transformation of Plants” – J. F. Jackson va H. F. Linskens tomonidan tahrir qilingan. Bu asarda turli usullar orqali o‘simliklarda gen transformatsiyasi, metodlar, protokollar va transformatsiya omillari haqida ilmiy to‘plam berilgan.
“Transgenic Plants: Methods and Protocols” – Nitish Kumar tahrirchiligida. Kitob transgen o‘simliklar yaratish bo‘yicha zamonaviy laboratoriya metodlari va protokollarni taqdim etadi, ilmiy tadqiqotlar va amaliy ishlanmalar uchun qo‘llanma sifatida xizmat qiladi.
“Plant Genome Engineering: Methods and Protocols” – Bing Yang, Wendy Harwood va Qiudeng Que tomonidan tahrir qilingan. Unda genom tahrirlash (masalan, CRISPR va boshqa gene-editing usullari) va o‘simliklarda genlarni o‘zgartirish bo‘yicha zamonaviy metodlar batafsil yoritilgan.
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