MODERN APPROACHES TO THE DISPOSAL OF SPENT IRON-CHROMIUM CATALYSTS
Keywords:
used iron-chromium catalyst, utilization, circular economy, construction pigments, hydrometallurgy, deep processing.Abstract
The urgency of the problem of disposal of spent and used iron-chromium catalysts used in the process of nitrogen oxide conversion is determined by their large accumulation at chemical industry enterprises and the environmental hazards associated with the heavy metals they contain. Traditional methods, such as landfilling waste, contradict the principles of a circular economy aimed at converting waste into secondary material resources. This work analyzes modern scientific and technical approaches to solving this problem, including methods of burial, regeneration, hydrometallurgical separation of metals and direct use in other industries. Particular attention is paid to the strategy of deep processing of spent catalysts of the STK-1 type into high-quality construction pigments. A comparative analysis of the technological and economic aspects of various methods is carried out, and the prospects of the direction based on the principles of resource conservation and import substitution are substantiated. It is shown that the chemical composition of the spent catalyst (Fe2O3 content up to 88%, Cr2O3 7.5–7.8%, CuO about 2%) makes it a valuable raw material, and the main task is to develop an effective method for cleaning it from ammonia contamination.
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