THEORETICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL BASES OF DEVELOPING LOGICAL THINKING ABILITY IN PRIMARY STUDENTS

Abstract

This article is devoted to the topic "Effective methods for the formation of logical thinking in primary school students" and is based on the cognitive development of children aged 6-11. The introductory part covers the importance of the topic, the definition and necessity of logical thinking, as well as the advantages of developing it through games and practical activities. The main part analyzes the components of logical thinking (cause-effect, classification, sequence, etc.) based on the theories of J. Piaget and L.S. Vygotsky. Effective methods include games (chess, coding), a system of questions (Bloom's taxonomy), visual aids (diagrams), scientific experiments, group projects and written exercises (journal, essay) and illustrates them with practical examples. Teacher-parent cooperation and the assessment system (rubric, portfolios) are emphasized. The analysis of the literature reviewed Uzbek and foreign studies (Piaget, Vygotsky, local scientists), and the effectiveness of game and creative approaches is confirmed. The results show the impact of the methods on the intellectual growth of children, improving parental involvement by 25-30%. In conclusion, the development of logical thinking is assessed as a long-term investment and its integration into educational programs is recommended. The work serves as a practical guide for educationalists and teachers.