This article deals with the development of the activity of logical observation of elementary school students in mathematics. It is known that the methods of organizing learning and learning activities in elementary mathematics classes are the methods of joint activities of the teacher and students, through which new knowledge, skills and abilities are gained, in the future mathematics allows you to accumulate the necessary knowledge for the higher stages of science. In order to activate students' thinking, the questions asked encourage them to compare, contrast, separate or group events and facts, and look for connections between them. To do this, it is necessary to approach the problem as a problem, pose a problem, search for missing information and formulate scientific hypotheses, test hypotheses and gain new knowledge about the problem situation. There are several types of methods of organizing educational activities. According to the sources from which students learn: oral, instructive, practical methods, convenient ways of using them in the course of the lesson are recommended.