Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): UNIVERSAL INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL

This article presents the results of the study of the growth conditions of the medicinal plant Trigonella foenum-graecum in different nutrient media. It will serve as an important source of raw materials for the preparation of natural medicines for the medical industry in the future. It will be possible to grow in different regions of our republic.

Insect damage and control costs have increased significantly over the past 20 years. Pear growers currently spend $14 million annually on insecticides. Increasing costs associated with pest management, including increased pesticide resistance, reduced pest control options, and increased chemical costs have made pear production more difficult. The goal of an integrated disease management program is to achieve a commercially acceptable level of disease control year after year while minimizing disease management costs. A program must be developed for each orchard that integrates all available control tactics. Accurate diagnosis is critical to making informed decisions about disease management. However, Cacopsylla pyricola is the most problematic insect pest of pear, and Codling moth is a serious pest of apple and pear. Correct identification is essential for making sound management decisions. We discussed the most effective strategies to control these insects and pests through chemical, biological and cultural operations in the pear-growing areas of our Republic. The main purpose of this article is early detection of pests of pear crops.

The article presents the results of a study of the growth conditions of Tenebrio molitor larvae in various nutrient media. In the future, it will serve as an important source of natural food production for the food industry. It will be possible to grow in different regions of our republic. The resulting products are important feed for livestock and poultry farming.

Soil salinity in irrigated agricultural lands is one of the main environmental problems. Soil salinization occurs as a result of the rise of the underground water level during improper irrigation. Primary and secondary salinity is observed. In secondary salinization, water rises through capillaries and remains in the salt soil, or as a result of excessive irrigation, groundwater is salted with dissolved salts. Nowadays, prevention of salinity is one of the urgent problems of agriculture. Many scientific works are being carried out on issues such as creating salinity-resistant varieties of wheat crops and increasing soil fertility.

In interline F1-F2 plants with the participation of a wild cotton species, the main economic traits are inherited in an intermediate state, typical of polygenic traits, with a shift towards parental lines with relatively high average values. There were no reciprocal differences in the heritability of traits, and this was explained by the fact that the allelic states of the genes that control the occurrence of traits differed little, and their average values were close to each other.

In this article, the main attention is devoted to the problem of the formation of foreign language culture among teachers, and it is aimed at forming a culture of communication between future foreign language teachers. Currently, the global integration of the cultures of different countries, the mobility of the world's population, the expansion of employment, the development of tourism, personal relations, and knowledge of a foreign language are becoming a vital necessity, which creates new problems for specialists in the theory of teaching foreign languages that meet the modern needs of society. The article talks about the formation of intercultural communication competence of future foreign language teachers through Internet resources, and it is mentioned that they will be used in any order.

In order to provide the population with high-quality and natural food products, renewable fuel, which is one of the problems of biological science today, several effective works are being carried out in a number of countries. In particular, the development of biotechnology is gaining great importance for improving people's lives. A number of scientists are creating new varieties of plants that are important for human life, and several methods of their reproduction are being implemented. Microclonal propagation of plants in vitro is playing an important role as one of these methods. With the help of this method, it is possible to create a new plant throughout the year at the expense of the meristem cells of the plant. The participation of phytohormones among special substances in this method is important. These phytohormones, which are needed in very small quantities for the plant, but carry out very necessary processes, mainly include abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, ethylene, jasmonates, salicylic acid, strigolactones, auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin and several hormones. They participate in the formation of plant organs such as roots, stems, and leaves.

Species of the genus Gossypium have varying degrees of leaf hairiness. In the wild species G.tomentosum Nutt. ex Seem this feature has a unique twisted appearance. In backcrossed plants, interspecific hybrids involving this species have a high density of plant hairs, and spiral hairs from the wild species provide low pest infestation. In order to study heredity and preserve this type of pubescence in generations, our studies by crossing introgressive lines with analyzer lines found that the number of dominant alleles and auxiliary genes is of great importance in the inheritance of spiral pubescence. And the number of hairs and the thickness of the leaf are controlled by cytoplasmic genes. The number of hairs per 1 mm2 of the leaf was genetically analyzed, while the “spiral” type of pubescence in the offspring completely dominates, and in the heterozygous state it exhibits the “spiral” phenotype. By the nature of the pubescence in F2, the lines of the spiral type are allelic states of the same gene as the lines with the usual type of hairiness. By the nature of pubescence in F2, it was proved that lines with twisted hair type differ from lines with simple hair type by alleles of the same gene.

This article shows that today's actual problem is material damage to the environment and nature, and the role of humans in it. Also, the reasons why environmental protection is a global problem today and its prevention are given.

In this article, the chemical composition of the Juglans regia (walnut) plant was studied. Micro and macro elements, fats, proteins, vitamins and other biologically active substances in walnut fruit were analyzed. According to the results of the research, the economic importance of the walnut in the national economy and its use in the food industry are covered in detail. The components of the nut were described in detail with the help of chemical analysis, and its potential for value creation was studied. This article serves as a basis for scientific and practical developments dedicated to expanding the possibilities of effective use of nut products in industry.

The article discusses the issues of creating an organizational and economic model of the strategy for the development of ginners based on the study of their competencies.

In this article, the psychological requirements of a modern leader in New Uzbekistan, the image of a modern leader and its characteristics were discussed.

We will introduce our thoughts about the organizational structure of the World Trade Organization, what are its structure and objectives.

This article provides information about various types of plants that are widely grown in Uzbekistan and have inflammatory properties, and their importance.

In the process of socialization, thoughts are presented about conflict situations and psychological factors that cause them in the relationship between the manager and the employee in the process of working in different official groups.

This article discusses the issues of integration of information technologies in providing knowledge to students in distance education.

This article deals with the calculation of the given year, month, and day using an algorithm in C++ and Python programming languages.

this article reflects on the use
of multimedia tools and technologies in
providing quality education and training to
primary school students and their beneficial
results, and the use of multimedia tools,
increasing students' confidence in exercises
and interest in the lesson also helps.

This article investigates the pivotal role of effective current asset management in the development of agribusiness enterprises in Uzbekistan. Utilizing the Harvard method, the study explores strategies tailored to the Uzbekistan agricultural landscape for optimizing liquidity, managing inventory, handling accounts receivable, and leveraging technological innovations. By implementing these strategies, Uzbekistan's agribusinesses can enhance operational efficiency, mitigate risks, and foster sustainable growth in a rapidly evolving market environment.

The article provides information about the development of psychological characteristics of children of primary school age, including information about the psychological changes that occur in the process of school preparation of children of primary school age.

This article aims to reveal the concept and essence of one of the main economic categories of the enterprise - working capital. Scientific articles were used to analyze various rates of working capital. The article mainly analyzed based on the article of Dilmurod Jamolovich Soliyev. The goals and objectives of working capital management are defined.

The article examines the processes related to the improvement of the ways of attracting investments to Agribusiness and their effective use. Factors influencing the processes of attracting foreign investments and their effective use were assessed, and their impact on the effectiveness of the country's investment activities. Existing shortcomings in the ways of attracting foreign investments and their effective use have been identified. A scientific proposal and practical recommendations on improving the system of attracting foreign investments to the national economy have been formulated.

In this article, family values and traditions in Uzbek families based on national values are discussed about the role and importance of the family in raising a healthy and well-rounded generation. Also, comments are made about some of the shortcomings in the upbringing of children in Uzbek families based on national values.

The Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) between Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Russia is the most developed institution of regional economic integration among the post-Soviet states. With the help of this article, we will discuss the plans of the Eurasian Economic Union for the future and today's problems and we will cover the achievements.

In this article, one of the current problems of adolescence, crises and crises, what changes occur in adolescents during this period, changes in their behavior, the formation of negative and positive traits, and the transformation of negative traits into positive ones. what measures should be taken to change the characteristics, information about the strong feeling of fear and anxiety in teenagers, and what should be done about the correct use of mass media It was discussed how parents and teachers should deal with children of this age.